Lionel m



L. M wooLsoN. HYDROCARBON MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.29, 1919.

PaenteaAug. 1, 1922.

JJIIIII Il W mmm n@ v K W M o n m n 1. y

llieved that the present invention overcomes theobjections to priordevices of this type.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFiCE.

LIONEL M. WooLsoN, or DETROIT, MICHIGAN, AssIeNon To PACKARD MOTOR CARCOMPANY, or DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION or MICHIGAN.

HYDROCARBON MOTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 1, 1922.

Application filed December se, i919. serial No. 348,053.

To aZZ whom t may concern:

Be it `known that I, LIONEL M. VooLsoN, a citizen of the. United States,and resident of Detroit, Wayne County, StateAofh/ lichigan, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon Motors, ofwhich the following isa specification.

This invention relates to hydrocarbon mo 7 tors, andv particularly tocarbureting and mixture yheating j devices` therefor. j

yOne ofthe lobjects of the present invention is to provide improvedmeans for sup plying a combustion heater with a ,portion of the mixturefrom the motor carburetor.

Another object of the inventionis to provide a novel form of carburetorand heater device of very simple construction.

Another objectof the invention is to provide a novel form of spraydevice `for the mixture upon itsv entrance to the combustion chamber.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear from thefollowing description taken in connection with the drawings which form apart of thisspecification, and in which- Figure 1 is substantially avertical section through a carbureting and mixture heating deviceembodying the invention;

Figure 2 is a section substantially on the line 2-2 of Figure 1; and

Figure 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Figure 1.

In some combustion heaters of the suction type it has heretofore beenproposed to provide a separate carburetor for supplying a suitablemixture to the heater, and in others a mixture withdrawing means vhasbeen inserted into the mixing chamber for taking therefrom someof themixture supplied by the main carburetor for operating the heater. Theseparate carburetor construction requires a number of additional parts,thereby making it more expensive, and the mixture withdrawing meansheretofore used have not Vbeen-foundfto be thoroughly successful at -allspeeds-of the motor. vItis believed that the'fault's in these previousconstructions are in the, arrangement and construction of the mixtureywithdrawing means, and' it 1s be- The successof the presentconstruction, so far as the -mixture withdrawing means is concerned,depends upon the location of the inlet opening for the heater eithersubstantially symmetrically above the mixture malring part of thecarburetor and facing downwardly `towards the carburetor, vor in thearrangement of such opening at the bend in the mixture conduit. By thislocation the opening receivesa portion of the best mixiture ,producedbythe carburetor and the portion of the mixture which it withdraws isthereupon conveyed to the combustion heater, which thereby operatessubstantially perfectly and automatically as is theoretically demanded.l Referring to the drawings of theembodiment of the invention hereinshown, a frag ment'of a cylinder block of ahydrocarbon motor is shown at10, and 11 is the passage lleading to the intake valvesiof thecylinderor cylinders. 12 is an elbow or casting having a lsubstantiallyhorizontal part 13 and a substantially vertical part 14;. In thehorizontal partv is 'arranged the motor throttle l15 Icontrolled by anoperating arm 16, and a flange 17 is provided for securing the elbowvtoy the motor cylinder 10 sothat its horizontal passage registers withthe passage 11 thereof.

At the lowerend of the vertical part 14C of the elbow 12 is arranged thecarbureting means, and the particular means herein shown is of the wellknown Stewart form vbut may move' downwardly quite freely.

ln the vertical passage 25 through the stem 27 of the piston 2a is atapered needle valve 28 which may be manually adjusted as by a lever 29and gears 30 for thus adjusting the size of the fuel passage in saidpiston. Ports 31 permit the passage of fuel to the interior of the stem27.

, The stem 27 is slidably mounted in a ver- .tical guide '32 whichextends upwardly through an air chamber 33 having an inlet opening 34through which the carburetor receives all of its air. At its upper endthe stem 27 carries a Vconical shaped air` valve 35 which normally restson a seat 36, and the passage 26 has a flared nozzle 37 at its upperend. The valve 35 has air passages 38 and 39 leading to an air passage40 which surrounds the outlet of the nozzle 37. rIhus the fuel or spraynozzle 3T and the passage 40 are symmetrically arranged in the valve 35,which valve may be moved upwardly from its seat by the suction in thechamber 4l above the valve to thereby Supply an additional amount of airfor the mixture. The chamber 4l, therefore, which is the vertical partof the elbow l2, is the mixing chamber of the carburetor and as thevalve 35 moves upwardly under suction to supply additional air, thestein 27 upon which the air valve is mounted also moves upwardlyrelative to the tapered pin 28 and thereby increases the size of thefuel opening or passage in the stein 27. Thus a substantially correctproportion of fuel and air is supplied by the carburetor at all speedsof the motor.

Arranged vertically and symmetrically above the fuel nozzle 37 and itsadjacent air passage 40 and at the upper end of the mixing chamber 4l isthe inlet opening 42 for the combustion heater. This opening is shownalso as arranged in the bend of the elbow l2 and it faces downwardlytowards the carbureting means in the lower part of the mixing chamber41, and by reason of its separation at some distance from saidcarbureting means and above the latter and in the bend of the elbow, itis adapted to receive a homogeneous mixture of gasoline and air withwhich to supply the combustion heater. A channel 43 connects the opening42 with a contracted passage 44 which determines the amount of mixtureto be supplied to the combustion chamber. The passage 44 communicateswith a larger vertical passage 45 at the upper end of the latter andextends into it tangentially as shown particularly in Figure 3. rlhelower end of the vertical cylindrical channel 45 opens into thecombustion chamber 45 a short distance above a screen 47 which extendsacross the chamber at that point and also directly above a spark plug 48which is adapted to deliver' a spark for firing the mixture in thechamber 46.

By this tangential arrangement of the passage 44 relative to thevertical passage 45, the gas entering the chamber 45 is given a swirl orspiral motion downwardly and the gas spreads at the lower end of thepassage 45 as it strikes the screen 47. The screen further divides theparticles of fuel that may be present inthe mixture so that a stillbetter mixture is drawn downwardly towards the spark plug` 48 where itis readily tired.

The outlet from the combustion chamber 46 is through a rather widepassage 49 and a pair of diagonally arranged passages 50 which extend oneither side of the elbow l2 and to points 51 beyond the motor throttlevalve 15 where they communicate with the interior of the horizontal partof the elbow and receive the full suction of the motor. Thus the hotgases passing through the channels 49 and 50 tend to heat the castingforming the elbow l2 and as they are drawn into the motor intake passagethey come in direct contact with the mixture therein and heat it to apoint where it is readily ignited in the cylinders.

The combustion chamber 46, in the form shown in the drawings, is in acasting 52 which is detachably secured to the elbow 12 as by two pairsof bolts 53 and 54 and a plug 55 is threaded into the upper part of thecasting and in this plug is formed the passage 45 and part of thepassage 44, the other part of the passage 44 being formed directly inthe casting 52, as shown Vin Figures l and 3. The screen 47 is retainedin place by this plug 55. v A window 56 is also arranged in the casting52 so that the action of the heater may be observed.

It will be understood that the form shown herein is illustrative only ofthe invention, and various modifications thereof may be made withoutdeparting fromV the spirit or scope of the invention as defined by theclaims.

Having thus described my invention, what l claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent is:

l. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with the motor cylinder, of acarburetor and heater device comprising an elbow having a substantiallyhorizontal part for connection to the motor cylinder and a substantiallyvertical part for connection to the carburetor, a carburetor connectedto said vertical part of the elbow, a throttle valve arranged in thehorizontal part of the elbow, and a combustion heater having its inletopening arranged at the bend in the elbow.

2. ln a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with the motor cylinder, of acarburetor and heater device comprising an elbow having a substantiallyhorizontal part for connection to the motor cylinder and a substantiallyvertical part for connection to the carburetor, a carburetor connectedto said vertical part of the elbow, a throttle valve arranged in thehorizontal part of the elbow, and -a combustion heater having its inletopening arranged at the bend in the elbow and its outlet opening betweensaid throttle valve and the motor cylinder.

3. In a carburetor and heater device, the combination of a substantiallyright angle elbow having vertical and horizontal branches, carburetingmeans secured to the lower end of the vertical branch of said elbow, acombustion heater, and means for withdrawing a portion of the mixturefrom said elbow for said heater, said means comprising an inlet openingarranged at the bend of said elbow.

4. In a c-arburetor and heater device, the combination of asubstantially right angle elbow having vertical and horizontal branches,carbureting means secured to the lower end of the vertical branch ofsaid elbow, Aa combustion heater, and means for withdrawing a portion ofthe mixture from said elbow for said heater, said means comprising anopening arranged substantially at the highest point in the elbow abovesaid carbureting means.

5. In a carburetor and heating means, the combination of a mixturechamber, fuel and air inlets symmetrically arranged at the lower part ofsaid chamber, and a combustion heater having its mixture inlet openingsymmetrically arranged vertically above said fuel and air inlets land atthe upper end of said chamber.

6. In a carburetor and heating means, the combination of a mixingchamber forming an elbow at` its upper end, fuel and air inletssymmetrically arranged at the lower part of said chamber, and acombustion heater having its mixture inlet opening symmetricallyarranged above said fuel and air inlets and at the bend of said elbow.

7. In a carburetor and heater device, the combination of a mixingchamber, carbureting means at the lower part of said chamber, and acombustion heater having its inlet at the upper part of said chamber andhaving outlet channels extending around said mixing chamber to a pointbeyond the motor throttle valve.

8. In a carburetor and heater device, the combination of .a mixingchamber, carbureting means at the lower part of said chamber, and acombustion heater having its inlet at the upper part of said chamber andhaving outlet channels extending along the sides of said mixing chamber.

9. In a carburetor and heating device, the combination of Ia mixingchamber, carbureting means connected thereto, a combustion chamberarranged at one side of the mixing chamber, an inlet conduit for thecombustion chamber extending from the upper part of the mixing chamberto the uping into the combustion chamber Iand a horizontal contractedmixture inlet passage connecting with said vertical passage andtangential to the cylindrical wall thereof.

1l. A combustion heater comprising a l combustion chamber and spraymeans at the upper part of said chamber and communicating therewith,said spray means comprising a vertical cylindrical passage opening intothe combustion chamber and a horizontal contracted mixture inlet passageconnecting with sadvertical passage and tangential to the cylindricalwall thereof, and a screen inthe combustion chamber beneath the lowerend of said vertical passave.

I2. In a carburetor and heating means, the combination of asubstantially right angle elbow having vertical and horizontal branches,carbureting means at the lower end of the vertical branch of said elbowand having fuel and air inlets symmetrically arranged relative to saidvertical branch, a combustion heater, and means for withdrawing aportion of the mixture from said elbow for said heater, said meanscomprising an inlet opening arranged at the bend of said elbow andvertically above said fuel and air inlets.

13. In a carburetor and heating means, the combination of asubstantially right angle elbow, carbureting means connected to theinlet end of said elbow, a combustion' LIONEL M. WOOLSON.

